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Prenatal diagnosis of cerebro‐oculo‐facio‐skeletal syndrome: Report of three fetuses and review of the literature
Author(s) -
Le Van Quyen Pauline,
Calmels Nadège,
Bonnière Maryse,
Chartier Suzanne,
Razavi Féréchté,
Chelly Jamel,
El Chehadeh Salima,
Baer Sarah,
Boutaud Lucile,
Bacrot Séverine,
Obringer Cathy,
Favre Romain,
AttiéBitach Tania,
Laugel Vincent,
Antal Maria C.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
american journal of medical genetics part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.064
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1552-4833
pISSN - 1552-4825
DOI - 10.1002/ajmg.a.61520
Subject(s) - microcephaly , arthrogryposis , fetus , hypoplasia , pathology , medicine , anatomy , autosomal recessive inheritance , cerebellar hypoplasia (non human) , biology , pregnancy , genetics , endocrinology , pediatrics , cerebellum , gene
Cerebro‐oculo‐facio‐skeletal syndrome (COFS) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease belonging to the family of DNA repair disorders, characterized by microcephaly, congenital cataracts, facial dysmorphism and arthrogryposis. Here, we describe the detailed morphological and microscopic phenotype of three fetuses from two families harboring ERCC5/XPG likely pathogenic variants, and review the five previously reported fetal cases. In addition to the classical features of COFS, the fetuses display thymus hyperplasia, splenomegaly and increased hematopoiesis. Microencephaly is present in the three fetuses with delayed development of the gyri, but normal microscopic anatomy at the supratentorial level. Microscopic anomalies reminiscent of pontocerebellar hypoplasia are present at the infratentorial level. In conclusion, COFS syndrome should be considered in fetuses when intrauterine growth retardation is associated with microcephaly, arthrogryposis and ocular anomalies. Further studies are needed to better understand XPG functions during human development.