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Elements of morphology: Standard terminology for the external genitalia
Author(s) -
Hennekam Raoul C.M.,
Allanson Judith E.,
Biesecker Leslie G.,
Carey John C.,
Opitz John M.,
Vilain Eric
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
american journal of medical genetics part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.064
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1552-4833
pISSN - 1552-4825
DOI - 10.1002/ajmg.a.35934
Subject(s) - terminology , standardization , domain (mathematical analysis) , morphology (biology) , external genitalia , government (linguistics) , field (mathematics) , disorders of sex development , biology , evolutionary biology , computer science , anatomy , genetics , linguistics , mathematics , pure mathematics , mathematical analysis , philosophy , operating system
An international group of clinicians working in the field of dysmorphology has initiated the standardization of terms used to describe human morphology. The goals are to standardize these terms and reach consensus regarding their definitions. In this way, we will increase the utility of descriptions of the human phenotype and facilitate reliable comparisons of findings among patients. Discussions with other workers in dysmorphology and related fields, such as developmental biology and molecular genetics, will become more precise. Here we introduce the anatomy of the male and female genitalia, and define and illustrate the terms that describe the major characteristics of these body regions. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.