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Elements of morphology: Standard terminology for the periorbital region
Author(s) -
Hall Bryan D.,
Graham John M.,
Cassidy Suzanne B.,
Opitz John M.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
american journal of medical genetics part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.064
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1552-4833
pISSN - 1552-4825
DOI - 10.1002/ajmg.a.32597
Subject(s) - terminology , standardization , morphology (biology) , biology , evolutionary biology , computer science , genetics , linguistics , philosophy , operating system
An international group of clinicians working in the field of dysmorphology has initiated the standardization of terms used to describe human morphology. The goals are to standardize these terms and reach consensus regarding their definitions. In this way, we will increase the utility of descriptions of the human phenotype and facilitate reliable comparisons of findings among patients. Discussions with other workers in dysmorphology and related fields, such as developmental biology and molecular genetics, will become more precise. Here we introduce the anatomy of the periorbital area and define and illustrate the terms that describe the major characteristics of the periorbital area. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.