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Smith–Magenis syndrome and moyamoya disease in a patient with del(17)(p11.2p13.1)
Author(s) -
Girirajan Santhosh,
MendozaLondono Roberto,
Vlangos Christopher N.,
Dupuis Lucie,
Nowak Norma J.,
Bunyan David J.,
Hatchwell Eli,
Elsea Sarah H.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
american journal of medical genetics part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.064
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1552-4833
pISSN - 1552-4825
DOI - 10.1002/ajmg.a.31689
Subject(s) - multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification , breakpoint , genetics , comparative genomic hybridization , biology , moyamoya disease , gene duplication , copy number variation , chromosome , gene , genome , medicine , exon
Chromosomal rearrangements causing microdeletions and microduplications are a major cause of congenital malformation and mental retardation. Because they are not visible by routine chromosome analysis, high resolution whole‐genome technologies are required for the detection and diagnosis of small chromosomal abnormalities. Recently, array‐comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) have been useful tools for the identification and mapping of deletions and duplications at higher resolution and throughput. Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation syndrome caused by deletion or mutation of the retinoic acid induced 1 ( RAI1 ) gene and is often associated with a chromosome 17p11.2 deletion. We report here on the clinical and molecular analysis of a 10‐year‐old girl with SMS and moyamoya disease (occlusion of the circle of Willis). We have employed a combination of aCGH, FISH, and MLPA to characterize an ∼6.3 Mb deletion spanning chromosome region 17p11.2–p13.1 in this patient, with the proximal breakpoint within the RAI1 gene. Further, investigation of the genomic architecture at the breakpoint intervals of this large deletion documented the presence of palindromic repeat elements that could potentially form recombination substrates leading to unequal crossover. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.