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The effect of age on the relative risk of lung cancer mortality in a cohort of chromium production workers
Author(s) -
Gibb Herman,
Wang Jing,
O'Leary Keri,
Chen Chao,
Bateson Thomas F.,
Kopylev Leonid
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
american journal of industrial medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.7
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1097-0274
pISSN - 0271-3586
DOI - 10.1002/ajim.23152
Subject(s) - medicine , lung cancer , proportional hazards model , poisson regression , cohort , hexavalent chromium , cohort study , hazard ratio , demography , environmental health , chromium , population , confidence interval , metallurgy , materials science , sociology
Background Hexavalent chromium has been found to increase the risk of lung cancer in occupational studies. It has been suggested that the relative risk of lung cancer may vary by age. Methods The cohort examined is the Baltimore cohort of chromium production workers. The effect of age on the lung cancer risk from hexavalent chromium exposure was examined using a conditional Poisson regression modeling approach of Richardson and Langholz (R&L) and Cox models with interaction terms of age and cumulative hexavalent chromium exposure. Results The inclusion of multiple age groups in the R&L approach suggests the existence of an age effect that is also supported by a Cox proportional hazard analysis. The hazard ratio in Cox models with age‐cumulative exposure interaction terms was significantly elevated for the youngest age group and significantly decreased for the oldest age group. Conclusions Our analyses are consistent with the observation that younger chromium production workers have a greater lung cancer risk than older workers.