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Paternal organic solvent exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Logman J. Floris S.,
de Vries Laurens E.,
Hemels Michiel E.H.,
Khattak Sohail,
Einarson Thomas R.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
american journal of industrial medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.7
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1097-0274
pISSN - 0271-3586
DOI - 10.1002/ajim.20102
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , confidence interval , anencephaly , solvent exposure , meta analysis , pregnancy , organic solvent , spina bifida , obstetrics , neural tube defect , pediatrics , occupational exposure , fetus , emergency medicine , chemical engineering , biology , engineering , genetics
Background Organic solvents are widely used, but conflicting reports exist concerning paternal exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes. We conducted a meta‐analysis to assess the risks of spontaneous abortions (SAs) and major malformations (MMs) after paternal exposure to organic solvents. Methods Medline, Toxline, Reprotox, and Embase from 1966 to 2003 were searched. Two independent reviewers searched for cohort and case‐control studies in any language on adult human males exposed chronically to any organic solvent. Two non‐blinded independent extractors used a standardized form for data extraction; disagreements were resolved through consensus discussion. Results Forty‐seven studies were identified; 32 exclusions left 14 useable studies. Overall random effects odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI 95% ) were 1.30 (CI 95% : 0.81–2.11, N = 1,248) for SA, 1.47 (CI 95% : 1.18–1.83, N = 384,762) for MMs, 1.86 (CI 95% : 1.40–2.46, N = 180,242) for any neural tube defect, 2.18 (CI 95% : 1.52–3.11, N = 107,761) for anencephaly, and 1.59 (CI 95% : 0.99–2.56, N = 96,517; power = 56.3%) for spina bifida. Conclusions Paternal exposure to organic solvents is associated with an increased risk for neural tube defects but not SAs. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:37–44, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.