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Intergenerational influences on the growth of Maya children: The effect of living conditions experienced by mothers and maternal grandmothers during their childhood
Author(s) -
Azcorra Hugo,
Dickinson Federico,
Bogin Barry,
Rodríguez Luis,
VarelaSilva Maria Inês
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
american journal of human biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.559
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1520-6300
pISSN - 1042-0533
DOI - 10.1002/ajhb.22675
Subject(s) - hum , anthropometry , demography , socioeconomic status , medicine , population , art , sociology , performance art , art history
Objectives To test the hypothesis that living conditions experienced by maternal grandmothers (F 1 generation) and mothers (F 2 generation) during their childhood are related to height and leg length (LL: height − sitting height) of their 6‐to‐8 year old children (F 3 generation). Methods From September 2011 to June 2012 we obtained height and LL, and calculated z ‐score values of these measurements for 109 triads (F 1 , F 2 , F 3 ) who are Maya living in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Multiple regression models were adjusted to examine the relation of anthropometric and intergenerational socioeconomic parameters of F 1 (house index and family size during childhood) and F 2 (paternal job loss during childhood) with the z ‐score values of height and LL of F 3 . Results Children's height and LL were positively associated with maternal height and LL. This association was relatively stronger in LL. Better categories of grand‐maternal house index were significantly associated with higher values of height and LL in grandchildren. Grand‐maternal family size was positively related with LL, but not with height. Conclusions Our findings partially support the hypothesis that living conditions experienced by recent maternal ancestors (F 1 and F 2 ) during their growth period influence the growth of descendants (F 3 ). Results suggest that LL is more sensitive to intergenerational influences than is total height and that the transition from a traditional rural lifestyle to urban conditions results in new exposures for risk in human physical growth. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 27:494–500, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.