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Association between insulin‐like growth factor‐1, measures of overnutrition and undernutrition and insulin resistance in black adolescents living in the north‐west province, South Africa
Author(s) -
Mamabolo Ramoteme L.,
Berti Cristiana,
Monyeki Makama A.,
Salome Kruger H.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
american journal of human biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.559
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1520-6300
pISSN - 1042-0533
DOI - 10.1002/ajhb.22498
Subject(s) - overnutrition , insulin resistance , malnutrition , medicine , insulin , endocrinology
Objective To determine if insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) is a significant predictor of body fat percentage (%BF), lean body mass, and insulin resistance (IR) in black adolescents presenting with overnutrition and undernutrition. Methods A cross‐sectional study was undertaken in 181 adolescents (111 girls, 70 boys, 13–20 years old) from a low socio‐economic population in the North‐West Province, South Africa. Anthropometric measurements were performed, and %BF and lean mass were assessed by air displacement plethysmography. Serum glucose, leptin, insulin, IGF‐1 and IGF‐binding protein‐3 (IGFBP‐3) were measured and homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA‐IR) was calculated. Predictors of body composition and HOMA‐IR were determined in multivariate linear regressions. Results Of the boys, 31% had a %BF >20%, whereas 42% of girls had a %BF >30%. Furthermore, 17.1% male and 18.9% female adolescents were stunted, indicating overnutrition and undernutrition in the same group. IGF‐1 showed a negative association with %BF in both sexes, and a positive correlation with height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) and lean mass, respectively, in the boys. IGF‐1 correlated positively and physical activity correlated negatively with fasting insulin and HOMA‐IR in the girls. In both sexes, leptin had the strongest association with %BF in multiple regressions. Leptin and Tanner stage were significant predictors of HOMA‐IR in girls, but not in boys. Conclusions IGF‐1 was positively associated with lean mass and HAZ in boys, indicating a beneficial relationship with linear growth, but with IR in the girls, indicating possible adverse metabolic effects in the presence of high %BF and physical inactivity. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 26:189–197, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.