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The effects of time and intensity of exercise on novel and established markers of CVD in adolescent youth
Author(s) -
Buchan Duncan S.,
Ollis Stewart,
Young John D.,
Thomas E.,
Cooper StephenMark,
Tong Tom K.,
Nie Jinlei,
Malina Robert M.,
Baker Julien S
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
american journal of human biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.559
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1520-6300
pISSN - 1042-0533
DOI - 10.1002/ajhb.21166
Subject(s) - sprint , aerobic exercise , medicine , physical therapy , vo2 max , body mass index , physical fitness , blood pressure , heart rate
Objectives: This article examines the effects of brief, intense exercise in comparison with traditional endurance exercise on both novel and traditional markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in youth. Methods: Forty seven boys and ten girls (16.4 ± 0.7 years of age) were divided into a moderate (MOD), high intensity (HIT), or a control group. The MOD group (12 boys, 4 girls) and HIT group (15 boys, 2 girls) performed three weekly exercise sessions over 7 weeks. Each session consisted of either four to six repeats of maximal sprint running within a 20 m area with 20–30 s recovery (HIT) or 20 min continuous running within a 20 m area at ∼70% maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max). Results: Total exercise time commitment over the intervention was 420 min (MOD) and 63 min (HIT). Training volume was 85% lower for the HIT group. Total estimated energy expenditure was ∼907.2 kcal (HIT) and ∼4410 kcal (MOD). Significant improvements ( P ≤ 0.05) were found in systolic blood pressure, aerobic fitness, and body mass index (BMI) postintervention (HIT). In the MOD group, significant ( P ≤ 0.05) improvements were noted in aerobic fitness, percentage body fat (%BF), BMI, fibrinogen (Fg), plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1, and insulin concentrations. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that brief, intense exercise is a time efficient means for improving CVD risk factors in adolescents. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.