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Acute myeloid leukemia as the first hematologic manifestation of fanconi anemia
Author(s) -
Auerbach Arleen D.,
Weiner Michael A.,
Warburton Dorothy,
Yeboa Kwame,
Lu Li,
Broxmeyer Hal E.
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
american journal of hematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.456
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1096-8652
pISSN - 0361-8609
DOI - 10.1002/ajh.2830120312
Subject(s) - bone marrow , fanconi anemia , clone (java method) , myeloid leukemia , biology , leukemia , myeloid , microbiology and biotechnology , cancer research , philadelphia chromosome , immunology , pathology , genetics , medicine , dna , chromosomal translocation , dna repair , gene
A six‐year‐old girl with Fanconi anemia (FA) developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as the first hematologic manifestation of the syndrome. She remains in remission 18 mo after diagnosis although her management is complicated by unusual sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Marrow cells studied prior to initiation of leukemia therapy showed increased chromosome breakage and an abnormal clone in which a number 7 and a number 8 chromosome were replaced by two marker chromosomes. During the present remission her cultured lymphocytes, bone marrow cells, and fibroblasts showed increased “spontaneous” chromosome breakage as well as enhanced sensitivity to the clastogenic effect of the difunctional alkylating agent diepoxybutane (DEB), features characteristic of FA. Eight months into remission 50% of her marrow cells comprised an abnormal clone, which was monosomic for the number 7 chromosome but had both copies of number 8; in addition a variable number of unique marker chromosomes were present in clonal as well as nonclonal cells. This same marrow sample, upon culture, showed an abnormal growth pattern of CFU‐GM, absence of detectable CFU‐GEMM and BFUe, non‐responsiveness of CFU‐GM to inhibition by acidic isoferritins, increased bone marrow acidic isoferritin inhibitory activity, and absence of detectable bone marrow cell‐derived GM‐CSF. The implications of these findings to leukemogenesis in FA are discussed.

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