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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for adult patients with isolated NPM1 mutated acute myeloid leukemia in first remission
Author(s) -
Poiré Xavier,
Labopin Myriam,
Polge Emmanuelle,
Blaise Didier,
Chevallier Patrice,
Maertens Johan,
Deconinck Eric,
Forcade Edouard,
Rambaldi Alessandro,
Baerlocher Gabriela M.,
Zuckerman Tsila,
Volin Liisa,
Schouten Harry C.,
Ifrah Norbert,
Mohty Mohamad,
Esteve Jordi,
Nagler Ar
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
american journal of hematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.456
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1096-8652
pISSN - 0361-8609
DOI - 10.1002/ajh.25355
Subject(s) - npm1 , cumulative incidence , medicine , myeloid leukemia , transplantation , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation , stem cell , gastroenterology , oncology , incidence (geometry) , acute leukemia , leukemia , surgery , biology , gene , biochemistry , genetics , physics , optics , karyotype , chromosome
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first remission (CR1) with isolated NPM1 mutation (i NPM1 m) is considered a good prognosis genotype, although up to one‐third relapse. To evaluate the best transplant strategy, we retrospectively compared autologous stem cell transplantation (auto‐SCT), related (MSD), and fully matched unrelated (MUD) allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT). We identified 256 adult patients including 125 auto‐SCT, 72 MSD, and 59 MUD. The 2‐year leukemia‐free survival (LFS) was 62% in auto‐SCT, 69% in MUD, and 81% in MSD ( P = .02 for MSD vs others). The 2‐year overall survival (OS) was not different among auto‐SCT, MUD, and MSD, reaching 83% ( P = .88). The 2‐year non‐relapse mortality (NRM) was 2.5% in auto‐SCT and 7.5% in allo‐SCT ( P = .04). The 2‐year cumulative incidence of relapse (RI) was higher after auto‐SCT (30%) than after MUD (22%) and MSD (12%, P = .01). In multivariate analysis, MSD versus auto‐SCT but not MUD versus auto‐SCT was associated with lower RI ( P < .01 and P = .13, respectively) and better LFS ( P = .01 and P = .31, respectively). Age correlated with higher NRM ( P < .01). Allo‐SCT using MSD appears as a reasonable transplant option for young patients with i NPM1 m AML in CR1. Auto‐SCT was followed by worse RI and LFS, but similar OS to both allo‐SCT modalities.