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Mycophenolate‐based graft versus host disease prophylaxis is not inferior to methotrexate in myeloablative‐related donor stem cell transplantation
Author(s) -
Hamad Nada,
Shanavas Mohamed,
Michelis Fotios V.,
Uhm Jieun,
Gupta Vikas,
Seftel Matthew,
Kuruvilla John,
Lipton Jeffrey H.,
Messner Hans A.,
Kim Dennis Dong Hwan
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
american journal of hematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.456
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1096-8652
pISSN - 0361-8609
DOI - 10.1002/ajh.23955
Subject(s) - medicine , methotrexate , graft versus host disease , transplantation , stem cell , mycophenolate , surgery , disease , biology , genetics
We retrospectively reviewed 242 patients who received related donor myeloablative peripheral blood hematopoietic cell transplantation. We compared patients who received mycophenolate (MMF)/cyclosporine (CSA) ( n = 71), to historical controls who received methotrexate (MTX)/CSA ( n = 172). There were no differences in overall survival, nonrelapse mortality, and relapse. The MMF/CSA group had significantly faster neutrophil and platelet engraftment: medians of 13 versus 18 days and 10 versus 14 days, respectively ( P = 0.001). The cumulative incidence of acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) (Grades, 2–4) was significantly lower in the MMF/CSA group (45.1 vs. 74.4%, P < 0.001). The MMF/CSA group showed a lower incidence of skin (51.5 vs. 72.1%, P < 0.001) and liver acute GVHD (11.3 vs. 54.2%, P < 0.001) and a higher incidence of lung (42.2 vs. 19.0%, P = 0.045), eye (59.7 vs. 30.1%, P < 0.001), and mouth (72.8 vs. 56.4%, P = 0.001) chronic GVHD but only eye chronic GVHD was confirmed in propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. The incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia was higher in the MMF/CSA group (55.8 vs. 39.6%, P < 0.001) but this was not confirmed in PSM analysis. MMF/CSA was identified as an independent favorable factor for acute GVHD ( P < 0.001, hazard ratio, 0.41) but as a possible adverse risk factor for CMV viremia as this was not found to be statistically significant in PSM analysis. MMF/CSA in myeloablative matched related donor peripheral blood stem cell transplant is not inferior as GVHD prophylaxis in comparison with MTX/CSA and is associated with faster engraftment but a potentially higher risk of CMV viremia.Am. J. Hematol. 90:392–399, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.