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Parent education and biologic factors influence on cognition in sickle cell anemia
Author(s) -
King Allison A.,
Strouse John J.,
Rodeghier Mark J.,
Compas Bruce E.,
Casella James F.,
McKinstry Robert C.,
Noetzel Michael J.,
Quinn Charles T.,
Ichord Rebecca,
Dowling Michael M.,
Miller J. Philip,
DeBaun Michael R.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
american journal of hematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.456
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1096-8652
pISSN - 0361-8609
DOI - 10.1002/ajh.23604
Subject(s) - anemia , medicine , sickle cell anemia , wechsler adult intelligence scale , intelligence quotient , cognition , pediatrics , hemoglobin , psychiatry , disease
Children with sickle cell anemia have a high prevalence of silent cerebral infarcts (SCIs) that are associated with decreased full‐scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ). While the educational attainment of parents is a known strong predictor of the cognitive development of children in general, the role of parental education in sickle cell anemia along with other factors that adversely affect cognitive function (anemia, cerebral infarcts) is not known. We tested the hypothesis that both the presence of SCI and parental education would impact FSIQ in children with sickle cell anemia. A multicenter, cross‐sectional study was conducted in 19 US sites of the Silent Infarct Transfusion Trial among children with sickle cell anemia, age 5–15 years. All were screened for SCIs. Participants with and without SCI were administered the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. A total of 150 participants (107 with and 43 without SCIs) were included in the analysis. In a multivariable linear regression model for FSIQ, the absence of college education for the head of household was associated with a decrease of 6.2 points ( P = 0.005); presence of SCI with a 5.2 point decrease ( P = 0.017); each $1000 of family income per capita with a 0.33 point increase ( P = 0.023); each increase of 1 year in age with a 0.96 point decrease ( P = 0.023); and each 1% (absolute) decrease in hemoglobin oxygen saturation with 0.75 point decrease ( P = 0.030). In conclusion, FSIQ in children with sickle cell anemia is best accounted for by a multivariate model that includes both biologic and socioenvironmental factors. Am. J. Hematol. 89:162–167, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.