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Thromboxane synthesis is increased by upregulation of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 and cyclooxygenase‐2 in peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes during bacterial infection in childhood
Author(s) -
Zaitsu Masafumi,
Hamasaki Yuhei,
Nishimura Shinji,
Matsuo Muneaki,
Fujita Ichiro,
Ishii Eiichi
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
american journal of hematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.456
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1096-8652
pISSN - 0361-8609
DOI - 10.1002/ajh.10280
Subject(s) - cyclooxygenase , phospholipase a2 , thromboxane , downregulation and upregulation , phospholipase a , arachidonic acid , cytosol , inflammation , eicosanoid , endocrinology , thromboxane b2 , immunology , neutrophile , medicine , phospholipase , thromboxane a2 , biology , platelet , enzyme , biochemistry , gene
Prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxane (TX) are important mediators of inflammation. Recent studies revealed that PG and TX synthesis is controlled by the regulation of PG‐ and TX‐synthesizing enzymes. In this study, we examined the TX synthesis and the expression of TX‐synthesizing enzymes in activated peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) obtained from children with bacterial infection. Blood samples were obtained from controls and patients with bacterial infection. A23187‐stimulated production of TXB 2 , a stable metabolite of TXA 2 in PMNs, was measured by a specific radioimmunoassay. The mRNA expression of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 (cPLA 2 ), cyclooxygenase (COX)‐1, COX‐2, and TXA 2 synthase was determined by RT‐PCR. The synthesis of TXB 2 in PMNs was significantly increased in the patients [925.0 (550.0–1100.0) pg/10 6 cells], compared with the controls [550.0 (450.0–775.0) pg/10 6 cells]. The mRNA expression for cPLA 2 and COX‐2 in PMNs was also enhanced in the patients. The results indicate that TX production in PMNs is significantly increased through possible transcriptional mechanisms of cPLA 2 and COX‐2 during bacterial infection in children. The upregulation of TXA 2 synthesis may contribute to the process of acute inflammatory reaction caused by bacterial infection. Am. J. Hematol. 72:115–120, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.