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An engineering approach to an unsolved problem in multicomponent diffusion
Author(s) -
Nauman E. Bruce,
Savoca Joseph
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
aiche journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.958
H-Index - 167
eISSN - 1547-5905
pISSN - 0001-1541
DOI - 10.1002/aic.690470508
Subject(s) - component (thermodynamics) , diffusion , statistical physics , computer science , solvent , selection (genetic algorithm) , biochemical engineering , mathematical optimization , thermodynamics , mathematics , biological system , chemistry , physics , engineering , artificial intelligence , organic chemistry , biology
Both practical and conceptual problems arise in standard theories of multicomponent diffusion. They include the sometimes arbitrary and even artificial selection of one component as the solvent, the lack of explicit dependence on the properties of the solvent, and the difficulty in formulating compositionally dependent diffusion coefficients that satisfy material‐balance constraints. Two alternative approaches based on tracer diffusion coefficients for various components are physically reasonable and overcome these difficulties. Both approaches predict cross‐diffusion, that is, diffusion of component A as a result of a gradient in component B. Either approach can be used in systems where component diffusivities differ greatly in magnitude and where the number of chemical species is large, as in polymerizations.