Premium
Rate of nitration of benzene with mixed acid
Author(s) -
Biggs R. D.,
White R. R.
Publication year - 1956
Publication title -
aiche journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.958
H-Index - 167
eISSN - 1547-5905
pISSN - 0001-1541
DOI - 10.1002/aic.690020106
Subject(s) - nitration , nitric acid , sulfuric acid , chemistry , benzene , mole , volume (thermodynamics) , phase (matter) , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
The rates of nitration of benzene by nitric acid in mixed acid to produce mononitrobenzene have been measured in well‐emulsified reaction mixtures in the temperature range from 34° to 54°C. The acid‐phase compositions ranged from 1.6 mole % nitric acid and 27 mole % sulfuric acid to 35 mole % nitric acid and zero % sulfuric acid; the organicphase composition ranged from 4 to 95 mole % benzene, and the relative extent of the acid and organic phases was varied from 25 to 80 volume % acid phase. The reaction rate based on the total volume of the reacting mixture is shown to be a function of the phase compositions, temperature, and volume % of acid phase.