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An efficient and eco‐friendly solution‐chemical route for preparation of ultrastable reduced graphene oxide suspensions
Author(s) -
He Dafang,
Shen Liming,
Zhang Xiaoyan,
Wang Yifeng,
Bao Ningzhong,
Kung Harold H.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
aiche journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.958
H-Index - 167
eISSN - 1547-5905
pISSN - 0001-1541
DOI - 10.1002/aic.14499
Subject(s) - chemistry , graphene , sucrose , ascorbic acid , fructose , sulfite , sodium sulfite , oxide , sodium , ammonia , nuclear chemistry , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , food science , materials science
We describe a facile and eco‐friendly solution approach to chemically reduce graphene oxide (GO) to high‐quality graphene using nontoxic inexpensive reductants. The reduction process and mechanism of a group of eco‐friendly reductants were systematically studied. These reductants perform quite differently in terms of reduction rate ( l ‐ascorbic acid [ l ‐AA] > d ‐fructose > sucrose > glucose > sodium sulfite), density of small sp 2 domains ( l ‐AA > sodium sulfite > glucose > sucrose > d ‐fructose), degree of reduction ( l ‐AA > glucose > d ‐fructose > sodium sulfite > sucrose), and stability of the reduced GO suspension ( l ‐AA > d ‐fructose > sucrose > glucose > sodium sulfite). l ‐AA shows the highest reducing ability, achieving the largest extent of reduction after 10 min in the presence of ammonia. Both residual oxygen functionalities and the adsorbed oxidization products of l ‐AA on the graphene surface are responsible for stabilizing the reduced GO suspension over several months. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 60: 2757–2764, 2014