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Preparation of biomimetic‐bone materials and their application to the removal of heavy metals
Author(s) -
Sun Bo,
Tian HuiYun,
Zhang ChunXue,
An Gang
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
aiche journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.958
H-Index - 167
eISSN - 1547-5905
pISSN - 0001-1541
DOI - 10.1002/aic.13802
Subject(s) - thermogravimetric analysis , nuclear chemistry , inductively coupled plasma , metal ions in aqueous solution , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , metal , artificial bone , chemistry , precipitation , apatite , composite number , scanning electron microscope , materials science , mineralogy , chemical engineering , composite material , plasma , organic chemistry , meteorology , engineering , physics , quantum mechanics
Since heavy metals react with some components in bone, it can be surmized that these components would strongly fix heavy metals. Hydroxyapatite and a series of substituted‐apatites that are likely to exist in bone were prepared under near‐physiological conditions with the aim of developing materials that are capable of effectively removing low concentrations of heavy‐metal ions at near‐neutral conditions. The obtained apatites were characterized by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X ‐ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy. They were also tested for their ability to remove Pb , Cd , Hg , Cr , and As . The carbonate‐substituted apatite exhibited very strong fixation of Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Cr 3+ , and moderately strong fixation of Hg 2+ . Based on a heavy‐metal‐fixing mechanism, a bone‐like composite, with chitosan as the saccharide portion and a polyaspartyl polymer as the protein portion, was synthesized via co‐precipitation. The biomimetic composite was excellent at removing Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Hg 2+ , and Cr 3+ , with removal percentages as high as 99.8% and residual concentrations as low as 0.01 mg/L. However, the composite had little fixation of Cr 2 O 7 2− , CrO 4 2− , or H 3 AsO 3 . When Cr (VI) was reduced to Cr (III), the percent removed increased greatly. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 229–240, 2013