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A novel and facile liquid whistle hydrodynamic cavitation reactor to produce submicron multiple emulsions
Author(s) -
Tang Siah Ying,
Sivakumar Manickam
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
aiche journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.958
H-Index - 167
eISSN - 1547-5905
pISSN - 0001-1541
DOI - 10.1002/aic.13800
Subject(s) - dispersity , cavitation , emulsion , ferrous , emulsified fuel , chemical engineering , chemistry , materials science , chromatography , organic chemistry , thermodynamics , engineering , physics
Ferrous fumarate, [ C 4 H 2 FeO 4 ] is widely utilized in the effective treatments and prevention of iron deficiency anemia. But, its administration has been oftentimes linked with quite a few side effects than ferric products. To overcome the side effects, multiple water‐in‐oil‐in‐water (W/O/W) emulsion formulations had been proposed as a new drug delivery system for the controlled release of entrapped active iron compound. In this study, high‐pressure liquid whistle hydrodynamic cavitation reactor has been developed to produce highly stable W/O/W multiple emulsions containing Ferrous Fumarate in submicron scale (∼600 nm) with the droplet‐size distribution polydispersity index in the narrow regime (0.35–0.40). The microscopic observations confirmed that that the physical stability of the W/O/W emulsions was increased significantly with operating pressure and number of emulsification passes. Looking at the potential for scale‐up, this could be a promising technique to produce multiple emulsions incorporated with active constituents. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 155–167, 2013