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Closely related winter wheat cultivar performance in U.S. Great Plains acid soils
Author(s) -
Gillespie Christopher J.,
Marburger David A.,
Carver Brett F.,
Zhang Hailin
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
agronomy journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1435-0645
pISSN - 0002-1962
DOI - 10.1002/agj2.20329
Subject(s) - cultivar , agronomy , loam , forage , soil water , biology , poaceae , yield (engineering) , limiting , mechanical engineering , ecology , materials science , metallurgy , engineering
Aluminum‐tolerant wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars are often employed to damper the yield‐limiting impacts of Al toxicity in acidic soils. Tolerance is often facilitated by the Al‐activated malate transporter 1 ( ALMT1 ) gene, which increases anion permeability of wheat roots and exudes malate in the presence of Al. However, few studies have explored the phenotypic incongruities of closely related genotypes with ALMT1 (+) or without ALMT1 (−). A field study initiated in Stillwater, OK, on an Easpur loam (fine‐loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Fluventic Haplustolls) was established to determine the Al tolerance of eight related winter wheat cultivars chosen for presence or absence of ALMT1 [Duster (+), Lonerider (+), OK14319 (+), Jagger (+), Iba (−), Gallagher (−), Spirit Rider (−), Smith's Gold (−)]. Significant differences were found among cultivars in their forage yield responses to Al concentration and soil acidity. Duster (first), Spirit Rider (second), and Gallagher (third) were the most acid tolerant and consistent in forage yield across study years. However, no such trend was observed in the grain yields of any of the cultivars, as there was no clear semblance of acid tolerance in grain yields between study years. Despite the similarity of genetic backgrounds, forage and grain yield productivity of cultivars in this study varied between years and was not wholly dependent on the presence or absence of the ALMT1 gene. Nevertheless, the utilization of acid‐tolerant winter wheat cultivars has the potential to significantly reduce forage yield loss under acidic soil conditions with high Al concentrations.