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High‐Entropy Sulfides as Electrode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Lin Ling,
Wang Kai,
Sarkar Abhishek,
Njel Christian,
Karkera Guruprakash,
Wang Qingsong,
Azmi Raheleh,
Fichtner Maximilian,
Hahn Horst,
Schweidler Simon,
Breitung Ben
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.202103090
Subject(s) - x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , materials science , spectroscopy , transition metal , orthorhombic crystal system , sulfide , transmission electron microscopy , electrochemistry , energy dispersive x ray spectroscopy , analytical chemistry (journal) , electrode , inorganic chemistry , chemical engineering , scanning electron microscope , nanotechnology , chemistry , crystallography , crystal structure , metallurgy , physics , engineering , biochemistry , quantum mechanics , chromatography , composite material , catalysis
High‐entropy sulfides (HESs) containing 5 equiatomic transition metals (M), with different M:S ratios, are prepared by a facile one‐step mechanochemical approach. Two new types of single‐phase HESs with pyrite ( Pa ‐3) and orthorhombic ( Pnma ) structures are obtained and demonstrate a homogeneously mixed solid solution. The straightforward synthesis method can easily tune the desired metal to sulfur ratio for HESs with different stoichiometries, by utilizing the respective metal sulfides, even pure metals, and sulfur as precursor chemicals. The structural details and solid solution nature of HESs are studied by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Since transition metal sulfides are a very versatile material class, here the application of HESs is presented as electrode materials for reversible electrochemical energy storage, in which the HESs show high specific capacities and excellent rate capabilities in secondary Li‐ion batteries.