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Comprehensive Performance Calibration Guidance for Perovskites and Other Emerging Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Song Tao,
Friedman Daniel J.,
Kopidakis Nikos
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.202100728
Subject(s) - photovoltaic system , calibration , irradiance , perovskite (structure) , instrumentation (computer programming) , materials science , commercialization , steady state (chemistry) , process engineering , computer science , engineering physics , reliability engineering , nanotechnology , electrical engineering , optics , physics , engineering , chemistry , quantum mechanics , chemical engineering , law , political science , operating system
Emerging photovoltaic (PV) technologies (e.g., organic, perovskite, and solution processed quantum dot) have attracted remarkable attention with the rapid growth of their efficiencies, and their transition toward commercialization. Accurate and reliable efficiency measurements of these PV technologies are crucial, yet much more complicated than for conventional PV technologies due to the former's pronounced dynamic responses to changes in measurement conditions (e.g., current–voltage ( I – V ) scan rate and preconditioning) and their susceptibility to degradation. Adjustments to the measurement procedures are therefore necessary so that a reproducible “steady state” is reached during measurement. Furthermore, given the small size of many emerging cells, inappropriate device area definition and solar simulator setup can lead to measurement errors. Here, comprehensive efficiency calibration guidance is offered for emerging solar cells, including area measurement; spectral irradiance translation to standard test conditions; and steady‐state electrical performance. The necessity of reporting steady‐state efficiency is justified with a statistical performance comparison between conventional and steady‐state I – V scans over hundreds of cells the group has received globally for efficiency certifications. The procedures described here do not require specialized measurement instrumentation; what matters most are changes to the measurement protocols. These described changes aim to enable better comparisons between reported efficiencies.