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A Review of Existing and Emerging Methods for Lithium Detection and Characterization in Li‐Ion and Li‐Metal Batteries
Author(s) -
Paul Partha P.,
McShane Eric J.,
Colclasure Andrew M.,
Balsara Nitash,
Brown David E.,
Cao Chuntian,
Chen BorRong,
Chinnam Parameswara R.,
Cui Yi,
Dufek Eric J.,
Finegan Donal P.,
Gillard Samuel,
Huang Wenxiao,
Konz Zachary M.,
Kostecki Robert,
Liu Fang,
Lubner Sean,
Prasher Ravi,
Preefer Molleigh B.,
Qian Ji,
Rodrigues MarcoTulio Fonseca,
Schnabel Manuel,
Son SeoungBum,
Srinivasan Venkat,
Steinrück HansGeorg,
Tanim Tanvir R.,
Toney Michael F.,
Tong Wei,
UsseglioViretta Francois,
Wan Jiayu,
Yusuf Maha,
McCloskey Bryan D.,
Nelson Weker Johanna
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.202100372
Subject(s) - characterization (materials science) , battery (electricity) , anode , materials science , degradation (telecommunications) , lithium (medication) , lithium ion battery , nanotechnology , reliability (semiconductor) , process engineering , computer science , electrode , power (physics) , engineering , chemistry , medicine , telecommunications , physics , quantum mechanics , endocrinology
Whether attempting to eliminate parasitic Li metal plating on graphite (and other Li‐ion anodes) or enabling stable, uniform Li metal formation in ‘anode‐free’ Li battery configurations, the detection and characterization (morphology, microstructure, chemistry) of Li that cannot be reversibly cycled is essential to understand the behavior and degradation of rechargeable batteries. In this review, various approaches used to detect and characterize the formation of Li in batteries are discussed. Each technique has its unique set of advantages and limitations, and works towards solving only part of the full puzzle of battery degradation. Going forward, multimodal characterization holds the most promise towards addressing two pressing concerns in the implementation of the next generation of batteries in the transportation sector (viz. reducing recharging times and increasing the available capacity per recharge without sacrificing cycle life). Such characterizations involve combining several techniques (experimental‐ and/or modeling‐based) in order to exploit their respective advantages and allow a more comprehensive view of cell degradation and the role of Li metal formation in it. It is also discussed which individual techniques, or combinations thereof, can be implemented in real‐world battery management systems on‐board electric vehicles for early detection of potential battery degradation that would lead to failure.