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Engineering the Site‐Disorder and Lithium Distribution in the Lithium Superionic Argyrodite Li 6 PS 5 Br
Author(s) -
Gautam Ajay,
Sadowski Marcel,
Ghidiu Michael,
Minafra Nicolò,
Senyshyn Anatoliy,
Albe Karsten,
Zeier Wolfgang G.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.202003369
Subject(s) - lithium (medication) , ionic conductivity , materials science , fast ion conductor , electrolyte , substructure , chemical physics , neutron diffraction , diffusion , conductivity , ionic bonding , ion , thermodynamics , chemistry , crystallography , crystal structure , physics , medicine , structural engineering , electrode , organic chemistry , engineering , endocrinology
Lithium argyrodite superionic conductors, of the form Li 6 PS 5 X (X = Cl, Br, and I), have shown great promise as electrolytes for all‐solid‐state batteries because of their high ionic conductivity and processability. The ionic conductivity of these materials is highly influenced by the structural disorder of S 2− /X − anions; however, it is unclear if and how this affects the Li distribution and how it relates to transport, which is critical for improving conductivities. Here it is shown that the site‐disorder once thought to be inherent to given compositions can be carefully controlled in Li 6 PS 5 Br by tuning synthesis conditions. The site‐disorder increases with temperature and can be “frozen” in. Neutron diffraction shows this phenomenon to affect the Li + substructure by decreasing the jump distance between so‐called “cages” of clustered Li + ions; expansion of these cages makes a more interconnected pathway for Li + diffusion, thereby increasing ionic conductivity. Additionally, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations provide Li + diffusion coefficients and time‐averaged radial distribution functions as a function of the site‐disorder, corroborating the experimental results on Li + distribution and transport. These approaches of modulating the Li + substructure can be considered essential for the design and optimization of argyrodites and may be extended to other lithium superionic conductors.