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TiO 2 Colloid‐Spray Coated Electron‐Transporting Layers for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Paik Min Jae,
Lee Yonghui,
Yun HyunSung,
Lee SeungUn,
Hong SeungTack,
Seok Sang Il
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.202001799
Subject(s) - materials science , colloid , chemical engineering , fabrication , annealing (glass) , coating , atomic layer deposition , layer (electronics) , perovskite (structure) , aqueous solution , nanotechnology , deposition (geology) , energy conversion efficiency , composite material , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , medicine , paleontology , chemistry , alternative medicine , pathology , sediment , engineering , biology
Abstract TiO 2 is one of the most efficient and widely used materials for electron‐transporting layer (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The formation of efficient TiO 2 layers is generally carried out at high temperature by baking at a temperature >400 °C or by vacuum deposition (e.g., atomic layer deposition and E‐beam). In this study, the preparation of a TiO 2 ETL for PSCs is reported with excellent properties at low temperatures based on the synthesis of a stable TiO 2 colloidal aqueous solution and spray coating. The prepared TiO 2 colloids are able to produce a dense and uniform ETL even if it is simply dried at 100 °C after spray coating. It is believed that this is owing to the peroxo functional group remaining on the surface of the TiO 2 colloids. The TiO 2 ETLs, combined with the TiO 2 underlayer formed by chemical bath deposition, and the sprayed TiO 2 colloids allowed the fabrication of PSCs with performance similar to those of PSCs produced by annealing at 450 °C with a TiO 2 paste. The PSCs fabricated entirely at 100 °C demonstrated power conversion efficiency of 22.7% in small cells, and 19.0% in mini‐modules.