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Enabling Natural Graphite in High‐Voltage Aqueous Graphite || Zn Metal Dual‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
RodríguezPérez Ismael A.,
Zhang Lu,
Wrogemann Jens Matthies,
Driscoll Darren M.,
Sushko Maria L.,
Han Kee Sung,
Fulton John L.,
Engelhard Mark H.,
Balasubramanian Mahalingam,
Viswanathan Vilayanur V.,
Murugesan Vijayakumar,
Li Xiaolin,
Reed David,
Sprenkle Vincent,
Winter Martin,
Placke Tobias
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.202001256
Subject(s) - materials science , electrolyte , graphite , cathode , battery (electricity) , aqueous solution , lithium (medication) , electrochemistry , energy storage , chemical engineering , electrode , electrical engineering , chemistry , metallurgy , organic chemistry , power (physics) , medicine , physics , quantum mechanics , endocrinology , engineering
Safety and cost are the key metrics for large‐scale energy storage. Due to the use of nonaqueous electrolytes and transition metal oxides in current lithium‐ion battery technologies, safety, cost, and environmental issues are a significant cause for concern. Graphite is a promising cathode material for dual‐ion batteries due to its high operating potential, low cost, and high safety. Nevertheless, it is challenging to find a suitable aqueous electrolyte due to the narrow electrochemical stability window (1.23 V). This work presents a graphite || zinc metal aqueous dual‐ion battery of ≈2.3–2.5 V, a remarkably high voltage in aqueous zinc batteries, achieving >80% capacity retention after 200 cycles and delivering ≈110 mAh g –1 at a charge/discharge current of 200 mA g –1 . A capacity of nearly 60 mAh g –1 is achieved at a charge/discharge current of 5000 mA g –1 . Natural graphite is enabled as a reversible cathode using a highly concentrated lithium‐free bisalt aqueous electrolyte.