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Glass‐Ceramic‐Like Vanadate Cathodes for High‐Rate Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Li Yutong,
Wang Shitong,
Dong Yanhao,
Yang Yong,
Zhang Zhongtai,
Tang Zilong
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201903411
Subject(s) - materials science , lithium (medication) , electrolyte , vanadate , chemical engineering , cathode , ceramic , thermal diffusivity , ion , diffusion , fast ion conductor , electrode , nanotechnology , composite material , metallurgy , thermodynamics , chemistry , medicine , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering , endocrinology
Abstract Nanostructured electrode materials are good candidates in batteries especially for high‐rate applications, yet they often suffer from extensive side reactions due to anomalously large surface areas. While micrometer‐size materials provide better stability, the lattice diffusivity is often too slow for lithium ion intercalation over the same length scale in a short time. Herein, a simple method to synthesize glass‐ceramic‐like vanadate cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries with abundant internal boundaries that allow fast lithium ion diffusion while maintaining a small surface area that thus minimize the contact and side reactions with organic electrolyte, is reported. Such samples heat‐treated under optimized conditions can deliver an impressive high‐rate capacity of 103 mAh g −1 at 4000 mA g −1 over 500 cycles, which has better kinetics and cycling stability than similar vanadate‐based materials. A striking grain‐size refinement effect accompanied by a low‐temperature growth‐controlled phase transition, can be achieved by fine tuning the heat‐treatment process. It is believed that the findings are general for other transition metal oxides for energy applications.