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Facile Fabrication of Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon as Superior Anode Material for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Li Deping,
Ren Xiaohua,
Ai Qing,
Sun Qing,
Zhu Lin,
Liu Yang,
Liang Zhen,
Peng Ruiqin,
Si Pengchao,
Lou Jun,
Feng Jinkui,
Ci Lijie
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201802386
Subject(s) - anode , materials science , electrode , electrochemistry , intercalation (chemistry) , carbon fibers , lithium (medication) , potassium , graphite , chemical engineering , ion , diffusion , inorganic chemistry , nanotechnology , composite material , composite number , chemistry , organic chemistry , medicine , engineering , metallurgy , physics , thermodynamics , endocrinology
Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), using carbon materials as the anode, are regarded as a promising alternative to lithium‐ion batteries owing to the feasible formation of stage‐1 potassium intercalation compounds (KC 8 ). However, due to the large radius of the potassium ion, graphite‐based electrodes still suffer poor rate capability and insufficient cycling life. In this work, a hierarchically nitrogen‐doped porous carbon (NPC) is reported for the first time. The NPC electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 384.2 mAh g −1 after 500 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g −1 and an outstanding rate capability of 185 mAh g −1 at 10.0 A g −1 , which surpasses most of the reported carbonaceous electrodes in PIBs. The excellent performance can be ascribed to the surface‐driven behavior dominated K‐storage mechanism, which is verified by quantitative kinetics analysis. Theoretical simulation results further illuminate the enhanced K affinity in N‐doped active sites, which accounts for the superior rate performance of the NPC electrode. In addition, galvanostatic intermittent titration technique measurements further quantify the diffusion coefficient of K ions. Considering the superior electrochemical performance of the electrode and comprehensive investigation of the K storage mechanism, this work can provide fundamental references for the subsequent research of potassium‐ion batteries.