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Insights into the Na + Storage Mechanism of Phosphorus‐Functionalized Hard Carbon as Ultrahigh Capacity Anodes
Author(s) -
Li Yu,
Yuan Yifei,
Bai Ying,
Liu Yuanchang,
Wang Zhaohua,
Li Limin,
Wu Feng,
Amine Khalil,
Wu Chuan,
Lu Jun
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201702781
Subject(s) - anode , materials science , carbon fibers , phosphorus , chemical engineering , lithium (medication) , absorption (acoustics) , nanotechnology , electrode , composite material , composite number , metallurgy , chemistry , medicine , engineering , endocrinology
Hard carbon as a typical anode material for sodium ion batteries has received much attention in terms of its low cost and renewability. Herein, phosphorus‐functionalized hard carbon with a specific “honeycomb briquette” shaped morphology is synthesized via electrospinning technology. When applied as an anode material for Na + storage, it exhibits an impressively high reversible capacity of 393.4 mA h g −1 with the capacity retention up to 98.2% after 100 cycles. According to first‐principle calculation, the ultrahigh capacity of the as‐prepared anode is ascribed to the enhancement of Na‐absorption through formation of PO and PC bonds in graphitic layers when doped with phosphorus. Moreover, the increase of electron density around the Fermi level is found to be mainly caused by O atoms instead of P atoms.