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Addressing Toxicity of Lead: Progress and Applications of Low‐Toxic Metal Halide Perovskites and Their Derivatives
Author(s) -
Lyu Miaoqiang,
Yun JungHo,
Chen Peng,
Hao Mengmeng,
Wang Lianzhou
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201602512
Subject(s) - halide , photovoltaics , materials science , photovoltaic system , nanotechnology , metal , lead (geology) , commercialization , metal halides , inorganic chemistry , chemistry , engineering , metallurgy , business , electrical engineering , marketing , geomorphology , geology
Metal halide perovskites have been brought to the forefront of research focus in solution‐processable photovoltaics, with the device efficiency swiftly surging to over 22% over the past few years. The state‐of‐the‐art metal halide perovskites that have been intensively investigated include toxic lead, which potentially hampers their commercialization process. To address this toxicity issue, intensive recent research effort has been devoted to developing low‐toxic metal halide perovskites and their derivatives for photovoltaic applications. Herein, the recent research progress achieved so far in addressing the toxicity issue of lead halide perovskites in photovoltaics is summarized. By comparing the merits and drawbacks of different low‐toxic metal halide systems, the current challenges and opportunities in the photovoltaic field are highlighted. Potential low‐toxic metal halide perovskites and their derivatives are also discussed from the perspective of theoretical calculations. Furthermore, promising applications of low‐toxic metal halide perovskites beyond the photovoltaic sector are briefly discussed.