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Heterojunction‐Depleted Lead‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells with Coarse‐Grained B‐γ‐CsSnI 3 Thin Films
Author(s) -
Wang Ning,
Zhou Yuanyuan,
Ju MingGang,
Garces Hector F.,
Ding Tao,
Pang Shuping,
Zeng Xiao Cheng,
Padture Nitin P.,
Sun Xiao Wei
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201601130
Subject(s) - materials science , perovskite (structure) , energy conversion efficiency , heterojunction , photovoltaic system , nanotechnology , optoelectronics , photovoltaics , lead (geology) , tin , thin film , grain boundary , chemical engineering , microstructure , electrical engineering , composite material , metallurgy , geomorphology , engineering , geology
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been emerging as a breakthrough photovoltaic technology, holding unprecedented promise for low‐cost, high‐efficiency renewable electricity generation. However, potential toxicity associated with the state‐of‐the‐art lead‐containing PSCs has become a major concern. The past research in the development of lead‐free PSCs has met with mixed success. Herein, the promise of coarse‐grained B‐γ‐CsSnI 3 perovskite thin films as light absorber for efficient lead‐free PSCs is demonstrated. Thermally‐driven solid‐state coarsening of B‐γ‐CsSnI 3 perovskite grains employed here is accompanied by an increase of tin‐vacancy concentration in their crystal structure, as supported by first‐principles calculations. The optimal device architecture for the efficient photovoltaic operation of these B‐γ‐CsSnI 3 thin films is identified through exploration of several device architectures. Via modulation of the B‐γ‐CsSnI 3 grain coarsening, together with the use of the optimal PSC architecture, planar heterojunction‐depleted B‐γ‐CsSnI 3 PSCs with power conversion efficiency up to 3.31% are achieved without the use of any additives. The demonstrated strategies provide guidelines and prospects for developing future high‐performance lead‐free PVs.