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Understanding Interface Engineering for High‐Performance Fullerene/Perovskite Planar Heterojunction Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Liu Yao,
Bag Monojit,
Renna Lawrence A.,
Page Zachariah A.,
Kim Paul,
Emrick Todd,
Venkataraman D.,
Russell Thomas P.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201501606
Subject(s) - materials science , heterojunction , kelvin probe force microscope , perovskite (structure) , dielectric spectroscopy , work function , optoelectronics , electrode , energy conversion efficiency , fullerene , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , layer (electronics) , electrochemistry , chemistry , atomic force microscopy , organic chemistry , engineering
Interface engineering is critical for achieving efficient solar cells, yet a comprehensive understanding of the interface between a metal electrode and electron transport layer (ETL) is lacking. Here, a significant power conversion efficiency (PCE) improvement of fullerene/perovskite planar heterojunction solar cells from 7.5% to 15.5% is shown by inserting a fulleropyrrolidine interlayer between the silver electrode and ETL. The interface between the metal electrode and ETL is carefully examined using a variety of electrical and surface potential techniques. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements demonstrate that the interlayer enhances recombination resistance, increases electron extraction rate, and prolongs free carrier lifetime. Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is used to map the surface potential of the metal electrode and it indicates a uniform and continuous work function decrease in the presence of the fulleropyrrolidine interlayer. Additionally, the planar heterojunction fullerene/perovskite solar cells are shown to have good stability under ambient conditions.