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Solid Solution Domains at Phase Transition Front of Li x Ni 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4
Author(s) -
Komatsu Hideyuki,
Arai Hajime,
Koyama Yukinori,
Sato Kenji,
Kato Takeharu,
Yoshida Ryuji,
Murayama Haruno,
Takahashi Ikuma,
Orikasa Yuki,
Fukuda Katsutoshi,
Hirayama Tsukasa,
Ikuhara Yuichi,
Ukyo Yoshio,
Uchimoto Yoshiharu,
Ogumi Zempachi
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201500638
Subject(s) - materials science , spinel , phase transition , lithium (medication) , transmission electron microscopy , manganese , phase (matter) , transition metal , ion , diffraction , solid solution , nickel , electron diffraction , precipitation , crystallography , chemical physics , analytical chemistry (journal) , thermodynamics , nanotechnology , chemistry , catalysis , metallurgy , medicine , biochemistry , physics , organic chemistry , chromatography , optics , endocrinology , meteorology
Nickel‐substituted manganese spinel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO) is a promising 5 V class positive electrode material for lithium‐ion batteries. As micron‐sized LNMO particles show high rate capability in its two‐phase coexistence regions, the phase transition mechanism is of great interest in understanding the electrode behavior at high rates. Here, the phase transition dynamics of Li x Ni 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 is elucidated on high rate charging–discharging using operando time‐resolved X‐ray diffraction (TR‐XRD). The TR‐XRD results indicate the existence of intermediate states, in addition to the thermodynamically stable phases, and it is shown that the origin of such intermediate states is ascribed to the solid‐solution domains at the phase transition front, as supported by the analysis using transmission electron microscopy coupled with electron energy‐loss spectroscopy. The phase transition pathways dependent on the reaction rate are shown, together with possible explanation for this unique transition behavior.