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Sulfur‐Impregnated, Sandwich‐Type, Hybrid Carbon Nanosheets with Hierarchical Porous Structure for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Author(s) -
Chen Xi'an,
Xiao Zhubing,
Ning Xutao,
Liu Zheng,
Yang Zhi,
Zou Chao,
Wang Shun,
Chen Xiaohua,
Chen Ying,
Huang Shaoming
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201301988
Subject(s) - materials science , graphene , carbonization , carbon fibers , chemical engineering , faraday efficiency , mesoporous material , oxide , specific surface area , electrochemistry , sulfur , lithium (medication) , nanotechnology , composite material , composite number , electrode , organic chemistry , scanning electron microscope , catalysis , medicine , chemistry , endocrinology , engineering , metallurgy
Sandwich‐type hybrid carbon nanosheets (SCNMM) consisting of graphene and micro/mesoporous carbon layer are fabricated via a double template method using graphene oxide as the shape‐directing agent and SiO 2 nanoparticles as the mesoporous guide. The polypyrrole synthesized in situ on the graphene oxide sheets is used as a carbon precursor. The micro/mesoporous strcutures of the SCNMM are created by a carbonization process followed by HF solution etching and KOH treatment. Sulfur is impregnated into the hybrid carbon nanosheets to generate S@SCNMM composites for the cathode materials in Li‐S secondary batteries. The microstructures and electrochemical performance of the as‐prepared samples are investigated in detail. The hybrid carbon nanosheets, which have a thickness of about 10–25 nm, high surface area of 1588 m 2 g −1 , and broad pore size distribution of 0.8–6.0 nm, are highly interconnected to form a 3D hierarchical structure. The S@SCNMM sample with the sulfur content of 74 wt% exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, including large reversible capacity, good cycling stability and coulombic efficiency, and good rate capability, which is believed to be due to the structure of hybrid carbon materials with hierarchical porous structure, which have large specific surface area and pore volume.