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Carbonized Chicken Eggshell Membranes with 3D Architectures as High‐Performance Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
Author(s) -
Li Zhi,
Zhang Li,
Amirkhiz Babak Shalchi,
Tan Xuehai,
Xu Zhanwei,
Wang Huanlei,
Olsen Brian C.,
Holt Chris M. B.,
Mitlin David
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.201100548
Subject(s) - supercapacitor , materials science , carbonization , electrolyte , eggshell membrane , electrode , membrane , chemical engineering , context (archaeology) , carbon fibers , electrochemistry , capacitance , nanotechnology , composite material , chemistry , scanning electron microscope , engineering , biology , paleontology , biochemistry , composite number
Abstract Supercapacitor electrode materials are synthesized by carbonizing a common livestock biowaste in the form of chicken eggshell membranes. The carbonized eggshell membrane (CESM) is a three‐dimensional macroporous carbon film composed of interwoven connected carbon fibers containing around 10 wt% oxygen and 8 wt% nitrogen. Despite a relatively low surface area of 221 m 2 g −1 , exceptional specific capacitances of 297 F g −1 and 284 F g −1 are achieved in basic and acidic electrolytes, respectively, in a 3‐electrode system. Furthermore, the electrodes demonstrate excellent cycling stability: only 3% capacitance fading is observed after 10 000 cycles at a current density of 4 A g −1 . These very attractive electrochemical properties are discussed in the context of the unique structure and chemistry of the material.