Open AccessCF 4 Plasma‐Generated LiF‐Li 2 C 2 Artificial Layers for Dendrite‐Free Lithium‐Metal Anodes
Author(s) -
Cao Shengling,
He Xin,
Nie Lanlan,
Hu Jianwei,
Chen Manlin,
Han Yu,
Wang Kangli,
Jiang Kai,
Zhou Min
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.202201147
Subject(s) - anode , nucleation , materials science , dendrite (mathematics) , cathode , lithium (medication) , chemical engineering , stripping (fiber) , energy storage , adsorption , plating (geology) , plasma , diffusion , nanotechnology , electrode , composite material , chemistry , medicine , power (physics) , geometry , mathematics , physics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , engineering , endocrinology , geophysics , geology , thermodynamics
Lithium metal anodes have long been considered as “holy grail” in the field of energy storage batteries, but dendrite growth and large volume changes hinder their practical applications. Herein, a facile and eco‐friendly CF 4 plasma treatment is employed for the surface modification of Li anodes, and an artificial layer consisting of LiF and Li 2 C 2 is fabricated for the first time. Experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that the high adsorption energy of LiF and low Li + diffusion barriers in Li 2 C 2 induce uniform nucleation and planar growth of Li, guaranteeing a stable and dendrite‐free Li structure during the repeated plating/stripping process of cycling. Symmetric cells using CF 4 plasma‐treated Li operate stably for more than 6500 h (at 2 mA cm −2 and 1 mAh cm −2 ) or 950 h (at 1 mA cm −2 and 10 mAh cm −2 ). When paired with a LiFePO 4 cathode, full batteries deliver a high reversible capacity of 136 mAh g −1 (at 1 C) with considerable cycling stability (97.2% capacity retention over 200 cycles) and rate performance (116 mAh g −1 up to 5 C). This powerful application of plasma technology toward novel LiF‐Li 2 C 2 artificial layers provide new routes for constructing environment‐friendly and high‐performance energy storage devices.