Open AccessNaphthalimide‐Fused Dipyrrins: Tunable Halochromic Switches and Photothermal NIR‐II Dyes
Author(s) -
Maurya Yogesh Kumar,
Chmielewski Piotr J.,
Cybińska Joanna,
Prajapati Bibek,
Lis Tadeusz,
Kang Seongsoo,
Lee Seokwon,
Kim Dongho,
Stępień Marcin
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.202105886
Subject(s) - protonation , chemistry , chromophore , photochemistry , photothermal therapy , substituent , conjugated system , aryl , electron paramagnetic resonance , stereochemistry , polymer , materials science , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , ion , alkyl , physics , nuclear magnetic resonance
A family of tunable halochromic switches is developed using a naphthalimide‐fused dipyrrin as the core π ‐conjugated motif. Electronic properties of these dipyrrins are tuned by substitution of their alpha and meso positions with aryl groups of variable donor–acceptor strength. The first protonation results in a conformational change that enhances electronic coupling between the dipyrrin chromophore and the meso substituent, leading to halochromic effects that occasionally exceed 200 nm and switch the absorption between the near‐infrared (NIR)‐I and NIR‐II ranges. A NIR‐II photothermal effect, switchable by acid–base chemistry is demonstrated for selected dipyrrins. Further protonation is possible for derivatives bearing additional amino groups, leading to up to four halochromic switching step. The most electron‐rich dipyrrins are also susceptible to chemical oxidation, yielding NIR‐absorbing radical cations and closed‐shell dications.