Open AccessPhosphorylated and Phosphonated Low‐Complexity Protein Segments for Biomimetic Mineralization and Repair of Tooth Enamel
Author(s) -
Chang Rong,
Liu YangJia,
Zhang YunLai,
Zhang ShiYing,
Han BeiBei,
Chen Feng,
Chen YongXiang
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.202103829
Subject(s) - mineralization (soil science) , biomineralization , amorphous calcium phosphate , enamel paint , scaffold , chemistry , tooth enamel , mineralized tissues , biocompatible material , amelogenin , phosphorylation , nanotechnology , materials science , phosphate , biophysics , biochemistry , chemical engineering , biomedical engineering , dentin , biology , organic chemistry , medicine , nitrogen , engineering , composite material
Biomimetic mineralization based on self‐assembly has made great progress, providing bottom‐up strategies for the construction of new organic–inorganic hybrid materials applied in the treatment of hard tissue defects. Herein, inspired by the cooperative effects of key components in biomineralization microenvironments, a new type of biocompatible peptide scaffold based on flexibly self‐assembling low‐complexity protein segments (LCPSs) containing phosphate or phosphonate groups is developed. These LCPSs can retard the transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate into hydroxyapatite (HAP), leading to merged mineralization structures. Moreover, the application of phosphonated LCPS over phosphorylated LCPS can prevent hydrolysis by phosphatases that are enriched in extracellular mineralization microenvironments. After being coated on the etched tooth enamel, these LCPSs facilitate the growth of HAP to generate new enamel layers comparable to the natural layers and mitigate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans . In addition, they can effectively stimulate the differentiation pathways of osteoblasts. These results shed light on the potential biomedical applications of two LCPSs in hard tissue repair.