Open AccessSwitching Reactive Oxygen Species into Reactive Nitrogen Species by Photocleaved O 2 ‐Released Nanoplatforms Favors Hypoxic Tumor Repression
Author(s) -
Luo Tao,
Wang Duo,
Liu Lidong,
Zhang Yan,
Han Chuangye,
Xie Ying,
Liu Yan,
Liang Jingchen,
Qiu Guanhua,
Li Hongxue,
Su Danke,
Liu Junjie,
Zhang Kun
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.202101065
Subject(s) - reactive oxygen species , reactive nitrogen species , hypoxia (environmental) , nitric oxide , chemistry , oxygen , microbiology and biotechnology , cancer research , biochemistry , biology , organic chemistry
In various reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐based antitumor approaches (e.g., photodynamic therapy), increasing attentions are made to improve ROS level, but the short lifetime that is another decisive hurdle of ROS‐based antitumor outcomes is not even explored yet. To address it, a photocleaved O 2 ‐released nanoplatform is constructed to release and switch ROS into reactive nitrogen species (RNS) for repressing hypoxic breast tumor. Systematic explorations validate that the nanoplatforms can attain continuous photocontrolled O 2 release, alleviate hypoxia, and elevate ROS level. More significantly, the entrapped PDE5 inhibitor (PDE5‐i) in this nanoplatform can be enzymatically decomposed into nitric oxide that further combines with ROS to generate RNS, enabling the persistent antitumor effect since RNS features longer lifetime than ROS. Intriguingly, ROS conversion into RNS can help ROS to evade the hypoxia‐induced resistance to ROS‐based antitumor. Eventually, RNS production unlocks robust antitumor performances along with ROS elevation and hypoxia mitigation. Moreover, this extraordinary conversion from ROS into RNS also can act as a general method to solve the short lifetime of ROS.