Open AccessPiezoelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications: Roadmap for Future Smart Materials
Author(s) -
Mahapatra Susmriti Das,
Mohapatra Preetam Chandan,
Aria Adrianus Indrat,
Christie Graham,
Mishra Yogendra Kumar,
Hofmann Stephan,
Thakur Vijay Kumar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.202100864
Subject(s) - energy harvesting , piezoelectricity , triboelectric effect , mechanical energy , smart material , materials science , nanotechnology , electric potential energy , nanogenerator , mechanical engineering , electrical engineering , power (physics) , engineering , physics , composite material , quantum mechanics
Piezoelectric materials are widely referred to as “smart” materials because they can transduce mechanical pressure acting on them to electrical signals and vice versa. They are extensively utilized in harvesting mechanical energy from vibrations, human motion, mechanical loads, etc., and converting them into electrical energy for low power devices. Piezoelectric transduction offers high scalability, simple device designs, and high‐power densities compared to electro‐magnetic/static and triboelectric transducers. This review aims to give a holistic overview of recent developments in piezoelectric nanostructured materials, polymers, polymer nanocomposites, and piezoelectric films for implementation in energy harvesting. The progress in fabrication techniques, morphology, piezoelectric properties, energy harvesting performance, and underpinning fundamental mechanisms for each class of materials, including polymer nanocomposites using conducting, non‐conducting, and hybrid fillers are discussed. The emergent application horizon of piezoelectric energy harvesters particularly for wireless devices and self‐powered sensors is highlighted, and the current challenges and future prospects are critically discussed.