Open AccessSolar Power Can Substantially Prolong Maximum Achievable Airtime of Quadcopter Drones
Author(s) -
Lin ChingFuh,
Lin TaJung,
Liao WeiSheng,
Lan Hsiang,
Lin JiunYu,
Chiu ChiHan,
Danner Aaron
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.202001497
Subject(s) - drone , solar power , quadcopter , power (physics) , automotive engineering , aerospace engineering , solar energy , environmental science , computer science , electrical engineering , engineering , physics , biology , genetics , quantum mechanics
Abstract Sunlight energy is potentially excellent for small drones, which can often operate during daylight hours and fly high enough to avoid cloud blockade. However, the best solar cells provide limited power, compared to conventional power sources, making their use for aerial vehicles difficult to realize, especially in rotorcraft where significant lift ordinarily generated by a wing is already sacrificed for the ability to hover. In recent years, advances in materials (use of carbon‐fiber components, improvement in specific solar cells and motors) have finally brought solar rotorcraft within reach. Here, the application is explored through a concise mathematical model of solar rotorcraft based on the limits of solar power generation and motor power consumption. Multiple solar quadcopters based on this model with majority solar power are described. One of them has achieved an outdoor airtime over 3 hours, 48 times longer than it can last on just battery alone with the solar cells carried as dead weight and representing a significant prolongation of drone operation. Solar‐power fluctuations during long flight and their interaction with power requirements are experimentally characterized. The general conclusion is that solar cells have reached high enough efficiencies and can outperform batteries under the right conditions for quadcopters.