Open AccessCombining Battery‐Type and Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage in Ag/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene Electrode for Capturing Chloride Ions with High Capacitance and Fast Ion Transport
Author(s) -
Liang Mingxing,
Wang Lei,
Presser Volker,
Dai Xiaohu,
Yu Fei,
Ma Jie
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.202000621
Subject(s) - capacitive deionization , materials science , desalination , electrochemistry , anode , chloride , battery (electricity) , electrode , chemical engineering , capacitance , ion , nanotechnology , membrane , metallurgy , chemistry , biochemistry , power (physics) , quantum mechanics , engineering , organic chemistry , physics
The recent advances in chloride‐ion capturing electrodes for capacitive deionization (CDI) are limited by the capacity, rate, and stability of desalination. This work introduces Ti 3 C 2 T x /Ag synthesized via a facile oxidation‐reduction method and then uses it as an anode for chloride‐ion capture in CDI. Silver nanoparticles are formed successfully and uniformly distributed with the layered‐structure of Ti 3 C 2 T x . All Ti 3 C 2 T x /Ag samples are hydrophilic, which is beneficial for water desalination. Ti 3 C 2 T x /Ag samples with a low charge transfer resistance exhibit both pseudocapacitive and battery behaviors. Herein, the Ti 3 C 2 T x /Ag electrode with a reaction time of 3 h exhibits excellent desalination performance with a capacity of 135 mg Cl − g −1 at 20 mA g −1 in a 10 × 10 −3 m NaCl solution. Furthermore, low energy consumption of 0.42 kWh kg −1 Cl − and a desalination rate of 1.5 mg Cl − g −1 min −1 at 50 mA g −1 is achieved. The Ti 3 C 2 T x /Ag system exhibits fast rate capability, high desalination capacity, low energy consumption, and excellent cyclability, which can be ascribed to the synergistic effect between the battery and pseudocapacitive behaviors of the Ti 3 C 2 T x /Ag hybrid material. This work provides fundamental insight into the coupling of battery and pseudocapacitive behaviors during Cl − capture for electrochemical desalination.