Open AccessBlood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction in a 3D In Vitro Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Author(s) -
Shin Yoojin,
Choi Se Hoon,
Kim Eunhee,
Bylykbashi Enjana,
Kim Jeong Ah,
Chung Seok,
Kim Doo Yeon,
Kamm Roger D.,
Tanzi Rudolph E.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.201900962
Subject(s) - blood–brain barrier , tight junction , neuroscience , barrier function , alzheimer's disease , medicine , matrix metalloproteinase , pathology , microbiology and biotechnology , disease , biology , central nervous system
Harmful materials in the blood are prevented from entering the healthy brain by a highly selective blood–brain barrier (BBB), and impairment of barrier function has been associated with a variety of neurological diseases. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), BBB breakdown has been shown to occur even before cognitive decline and brain pathology. To investigate the role of the cerebral vasculature in AD, a physiologically relevant 3D human neural cell culture microfluidic model is developed having a brain endothelial cell monolayer with a BBB‐like phenotype. This model is shown to recapitulate several key aspects of BBB dysfunction observed in AD patients: increased BBB permeability, decreased expression of claudin‐1, claudin‐5, and VE‐cadherin, increased expression of matrix‐metalloproteinase‐2 and reactive oxygen species, and deposition of β‐amyloid (Aβ) peptides at the vascular endothelium. Thus, it provides a well‐controlled platform for investigating BBB function as well as for screening of new drugs that need to pass the BBB to gain access to neural tissues.