Open Access3D Nanofabrication of High‐Resolution Multilayer Fresnel Zone Plates
Author(s) -
Sanli Umut Tunca,
Jiao Chengge,
Baluktsian Margarita,
Grévent Corinne,
Hahn Kersten,
Wang Yi,
Srot Vesna,
Richter Gunther,
Bykova Iuliia,
Weigand Markus,
Schütz Gisela,
Keskinbora Kahraman
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.201800346
Subject(s) - zone plate , materials science , nanolithography , fabrication , fresnel zone , optics , ceramic , focused ion beam , nanomanufacturing , aspect ratio (aeronautics) , slicing , x ray optics , resolution (logic) , nanostructure , optoelectronics , nanotechnology , composite material , diffraction , x ray , physics , ion , artificial intelligence , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology , computer science , mechanical engineering , engineering , quantum mechanics
Focusing X‐rays to single nanometer dimensions is impeded by the lack of high‐quality, high‐resolution optics. Challenges in fabricating high aspect ratio 3D nanostructures limit the quality and the resolution. Multilayer zone plates target this challenge by offering virtually unlimited and freely selectable aspect ratios. Here, a full‐ceramic zone plate is fabricated via atomic layer deposition of multilayers over optical quality glass fibers and subsequent focused ion beam slicing. The quality of the multilayers is confirmed up to an aspect ratio of 500 with zones as thin as 25 nm. Focusing performance of the fabricated zone plate is tested toward the high‐energy limit of a soft X‐ray scanning transmission microscope, achieving a 15 nm half‐pitch cut‐off resolution. Sources of adverse influences are identified, and effective routes for improving the zone plate performance are elaborated, paving a clear path toward using multilayer zone plates in high‐energy X‐ray microscopy. Finally, a new fabrication concept is introduced for making zone plates with precisely tilted zones, targeting even higher resolutions.