Open AccessTransmission Electron Microscopy as a Tool for the Characterization of Soft Materials: Application and Interpretation
Author(s) -
Franken Linda E.,
Boekema Egbert J.,
Stuart Marc C. A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.201600476
Subject(s) - characterization (materials science) , interpretation (philosophy) , soft matter , nanotechnology , computer science , quality (philosophy) , transmission electron microscopy , sample preparation , materials science , chemistry , physics , programming language , colloid , chromatography , quantum mechanics
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provides direct structural information on nano‐structured materials and is popular as a characterization tool in soft matter and supramolecular chemistry. However, technical aspects of sample preparation are overlooked and erroneous image interpretations are regularly encountered in the literature. There are three most commonly used TEM methods as we derived from literature: drying, staining and cryo‐TEM, which are explained here with respect to their application, limitations and interpretation. Since soft matter chemistry relies on a lot of indirect evidence, the role of TEM for the correct evaluation of the nature of an assembly is very large. Mistakes in application and interpretation can therefore have enormous impact on the quality of present and future studies. We provide helpful background information of these three techniques, the information that can and cannot be derived from them and provide assistance in selecting the right technique for soft matter imaging. This essay warns against the use of drying and explains why. In general cryo‐TEM is by far the best suited method and many mistakes and over‐interpretations can be avoided by the use of this technique.