Open AccessTriple Negative Breast Cancer: Nanosolutions for a Big Challenge
Author(s) -
Mendes Tânia Filipa S.,
Kluskens Leon D.,
Rodrigues Lígia Raquel
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
advanced science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.388
H-Index - 100
ISSN - 2198-3844
DOI - 10.1002/advs.201500053
Subject(s) - triple negative breast cancer , breast cancer , medicine , estrogen receptor , oncology , cancer , progesterone receptor , intervention (counseling) , estrogen , cancer research , psychiatry
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particular immunopathological subtype of breast cancer that lacks expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene. Characterized by aggressive and metastatic phenotypes and high rates of relapse, TNBC is the only breast cancer subgroup still lacking effective therapeutic options, thus presenting the worst prognosis. The development of targeted therapies, as well as early diagnosis methods, is vital to ensure an adequate and timely therapeutic intervention in patients with TNBC. This review intends to discuss potentially emerging approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of TNBC patients, with a special focus on nano‐based solutions that actively target these particular tumors.