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Magnetosome Modification: From Bio‐Nano Engineering Toward Nanomedicine
Author(s) -
Ren En,
Lei Zhao,
Wang Junqing,
Zhang Yang,
Liu Gang
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.125
0ISSN - 2366-3987
DOI - 10.1002/adtp.201800080
Subject(s) - magnetosome , nanomedicine , biomineralization , magnetotactic bacteria , nanotechnology , nanobiotechnology , surface modification , drug delivery , magnetic nanoparticles , biomimetic materials , nanoparticle , materials science , chemistry , magnetite , engineering , chemical engineering , metallurgy
Bacterial magnetosomes (MS) are one of the most intriguing paradigms for microbial production of iron crystals within a membrane vesicle by a biomineralization process with high degree of biological control in specific intracellular locations. The use of unique properties of MS has gained considerable interest in board applications, such as magneto immunoassays and biosensing, as well as drug delivery and biomedical imaging. The functionalization of these membrane and protein bound crystals of magnetic iron minerals is of great interest for the bioengineering and biomedical applications. Herein, an overview on bioengineering strategies to develop functionalized MS for better capabilities in diagnostic and therapeutic nanomedicine is presented. Specifically, the strategies in which MS could be functionalized by genetic and chemical modifications on the membrane, as well as the crystals modifications by the mineral concentration chages in culture medium are discussed. In addition, biomimetic generation of MS‐like magnetic nanoparticles using the mechanisms of biomineralization in MS is also described. Finally, new perspectives and future directions for MS development in personalized and precision nanomedicine are discussed.