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Palladium Nanoparticles Immobilized on Chemically Modified Silica Gel: Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Suzuki, Stille and Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Author(s) -
Dutta Piyali,
Sarkar Amitabha
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
advanced synthesis and catalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.541
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1615-4169
pISSN - 1615-4150
DOI - 10.1002/adsc.201100168
Subject(s) - sonogashira coupling , stille reaction , chemistry , palladium , catalysis , coupling reaction , polyethylene glycol , nanoparticle , heterogeneous catalysis , silica gel , suzuki reaction , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , nanotechnology , materials science
Nanoparticulate palladium ( Pd np ‐2 ) supported on polyethylene glycol‐functionalized silica gel is an excellent heterogeneous catalytic system for Suzuki, Sonogashira and Stille cross‐coupling reactions that afford products in high yield. The immobilized palladium nanoparticles were readily prepared by reaction of modified silica gel ( 1 ) with potassium tetrachloropalladate(II) in the presence of an acyl metal salt of a Fischer carbene complex. The nanoparticles were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The catalyst ( Pd np ‐2 ) is thermally stable, insensitive to oxygen, and recyclable. The catalyst has been used for five cycles without noticeable loss of catalytic activity.