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Engineering Chemical Vapor Deposition for Lead‐Free Perovskite‐Inspired MA 3 Bi 2 I 9 Self‐Powered Photodetectors with High Performance and Stability
Author(s) -
Vuong VanHoang,
Pammi S. V. N.,
Pasupuleti Kedhareswara Sairam,
Hu Weiguang,
Tran Van Dang,
Jung Jang Su,
Kim MoonDeock,
Pecunia Vincenzo,
Yoon Soon Gil
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced optical materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 91
ISSN - 2195-1071
DOI - 10.1002/adom.202100192
Subject(s) - materials science , chemical vapor deposition , perovskite (structure) , photodetector , optoelectronics , bismuth , responsivity , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , engineering , metallurgy
Lead‐free perovskite‐inspired materials (PIMs) have attracted great interest in optoelectronics, as they feature electronic properties similar to mainstream lead‐based perovskites but are not burdened by the same toxicity issues. However, PIM photodetectors to date have not delivered efficiencies and stability on par with benchmark technologies. With a focus on methylammonium bismuth iodide (MA 3 Bi 2 I 9 )—a prominent lead‐free PIM—this study overcomes this challenge by growing the photoactive material through an engineered chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach. While the commonplace one‐tube (1T)‐CVD approach delivers films with disconnected grains and large pinholes, a two‐tube (2T)‐CVD approach is developed that enables the growth of smoother films with superior, compact morphology. The considerable optoelectronic potential of 2T‐CVD MA 3 Bi 2 I 9 films is demonstrated by realizing high‐performance self‐powered photodetectors, which deliver a responsivity and specific detectivity as high as 0.28 A W –1 and 8.8 × 10 12 Jones, respectively, under UV illumination—i.e., approximately twice as large as the 1T‐CVD counterparts. Further, nonencapsulated 2T‐CVD devices exhibit considerable long‐term moisture stability, with an attenuation of their photoresponse of ≤3% over 100 days. These results demonstrate that 2T‐CVD offers a promising platform that can catalyze the development of high‐performance lead‐free perovskite‐inspired optoelectronics.