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Tunable Graphene Metasurfaces with Gradient Features by Self‐Assembly‐Based Moiré Nanosphere Lithography
Author(s) -
Wu Zilong,
Li Wei,
Yogeesh Maruthi Nagavalli,
Jung Seungyong,
Lee Alvin Lynghi,
McNicholas Kyle,
Briggs Andrew,
Bank Seth R.,
Belkin Mikhail A.,
Akinwande Deji,
Zheng Yuebing
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced optical materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 91
ISSN - 2195-1071
DOI - 10.1002/adom.201600242
Subject(s) - materials science , nanosphere lithography , graphene , optoelectronics , terahertz radiation , plasmon , nanostructure , lithography , metamaterial , nanotechnology , surface plasmon resonance , nanoparticle , fabrication , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology
Patterned arrays of graphene nanostructures, also referred as graphene metasurfaces, have proven to be capable of efficiently coupling with incident light by surface plasmon resonances. In this work, a new type of graphene metasurfaces with moiré patterns using cost‐effective and scalable moiré nanosphere lithography (MNSL) is demonstrated. A large gradient in feature size (i.e., from sub‐200 nm to 1.1 μm) of the graphene nanostructures exists in single metasurfaces. The in‐plane quasi‐periodic arrangement of the graphene nanostructures can be easily tuned to form a variety of moiré patterns. The experimental measurement and numerical simulations show that the graphene moiré metasurfaces support tunable and multiband optical responses due the size and shape dependences of surface plasmon resonance modes of graphene nanostructures. It is also demonstrated that the multiband optical responses of graphene moiré metasurfaces can be tuned from mid‐infrared (MIR) to terahertz (THz) regimes by choosing polystyrene spheres of different sizes for MNSL. These findings provide a cost‐effective and scalable strategy to achieve ultrathin functional devices, including multiband light modulators, broadband biosensors, and multiband photodetectors, which feature tunable and multiband responses in wide range of wavelengths from MIR to THz.